A simulation model helps researchers visualize how an electricity system mainly based on solar and wind works in all regions of the world. It also depicts the functioning of an electricity system that meets targets set by the Paris climate change agreement by using only renewable energy.

The Global Internet of Energy Model developed by Lappeenranta University of Technology (Finland) determines the most economical solution for a renewable electricity system for 145 geographic areas aggregated to 9 major world regions.

The model as applied to Europe.A 100% renewable energy system is simulated for the electricity sector for 2030, showing how supply can be organized to cover demand for all hours of the year. The optimal mix of renewable energy generation, storage, and transmission components can be identified to cover electricity demand, leading to total electricity cost roughly between 55 and 70 euros ($61-$77) per megawatt-hour for all 9 major regions in the world.

Future model improvements will include the heat and mobility sectors, and will also describe how to transition from the current energy system toward a fully sustainable one.