A new material capable of absorbing roughly eight times its weight in oil has been developed by a team of University of Waterloo researchers.

In a bid to prevent groundwater contamination from spills or accidents, the team developed a tri-block polymer styrene-ethylene-butylene-styrene (SEBS) for remediating future groundwater contaminants involving oil.

Schematic procedure for foam fabrication via compression foaming. Source: Macromolecular Rapid Communications. DOI: 10.1002/marc.20240023

According to its developers, the SEBS polymer transforms into a gel once it encounters oil, thus preventing groundwater contamination. This reportedly makes the new polymer appropriate for use in settings for electric transformers and oil storage facilities at risk of groundwater leaks due to unexpected accidents or natural disasters, the team suggests.

Working in conjunction with the Ontario-based manufacturer Albarrie Canada, the researchers initially sought to determine the polymer best suited for oil absorption tasks. As such, they measured assorted gel densities, testing their mechanical properties and capacity for holding as much liquid as possible without becoming saturated.

Ultimately, the polymer developed by the Waterloo researchers resembles the spongy texture of a yoga mat and it transforms into a semi-solid gel-like substance that seals oil in and prevents leaks. The polymer is also lightweight, easy to transport and the oil trapped in the gel can be recovered in full via a secondary process.

"This innovation has the potential to protect both marine and terrestrial ecosystems, ensuring a cleaner environment for wildlife and humans alike. The impact of this polymer extends beyond immediate spill response, offering a sustainable solution for long-term environmental remediation," the researchers explained.

An article detailing the polymer, "Fabrication of Triblock Elastomer Foams and Gelation Studies for Oil Spill Remediation," appears in the journal Macro Molecular Rapid Communications.