A perovskite solar module the size of an A4 sheet of paper was developed using simple, low-cost printing techniques. Source: Swansea UniversityA perovskite solar module the size of an A4 sheet of paper was developed using simple, low-cost printing techniques. Source: Swansea University

Simple, low-cost printing techniques have been used to develop a perovskite solar module that is nearly six times larger than similar systems. Screen-printed modules on conductive glass substrates - the size of A4 sheet paper - delivered power conversion efficiencies of 6.3% against the one sun standard, on an unprecedented 198 cm2 active area.

Swansea University researchers demonstrated the technology with a carbon perovskite solar cell (C-PSC), composed of different layers - titania, zirconia and carbon on top - all of which are printable. Patterned layers were precisely aligned with the registration method commonly employed in the printing industry. The fabrication process was conducted in air at ambient conditions, without the need for costly high-vacuum processes typically required for silicon manufacture.

Though their efficiency is lower than other perovskite cell types, C-PSCs do not degrade as quickly, having already logged over one year’s stable operation under illumination. Tests also documented 11% PCE at 200 lux, roughly equivalent to light levels in an average living room. A PCE of 18% was measured at 1,000 lux, equivalent to light levels in an average supermarket.

The demonstration of good performance over a large area is expected to boost the viability of perovskite solar cells manufactured on an industrial scale.

To contact the author of this article, email shimmelstein@globalspec.com