Academic researchers in Nigeria are developing cost-effective technology to address two environmental scourges: an invasive weed impacting agriculture in Africa and mismanagement of poultry sludge.

The Mexican sunflower (Tithonia diversifolia) was introduced to Africa as an ornamental plant decades ago and has become a major weed threatening agricultural production on the continent. Inadequate control of chicken droppings can result in nutrients, hormones, antibiotics and heavy metals aggregating in soils and surface water.Processing chicken poop with an invasive weed produces fuel and fertilizer. Image credit: Tukaram.Karve/Shutterstock.comProcessing chicken poop with an invasive weed produces fuel and fertilizer. Image credit: Tukaram.Karve/Shutterstock.com

Efforts to convert poultry poop into fuel aren’t entirely successful, since the material alone doesn’t transform well into biogas and requires co-digestion with plant materials such as switch grass. The researchers sought to combine the chicken waste with Mexican sunflower.

Pretreated chicken droppings and sunflowers were anaerobically digested together. More than 3 kg of biogas was produced from 8 kg of the feedstock, more than enough fuel to drive the reaction and have some leftover for other uses such as powering a generator. Residual solids from the process could be applied as fertilizer or soil conditioner.

The researchers documented a 54.44 percent increase in predicted biogas yield with pretreated versus untreated biomaterial.

Researchers from Landmark University and Covenant University participated in this research.