According to a study from the International Council on Clean Transportation (ICCT), 385,000 people died prematurely in 2015 from air pollution exposure largely caused by vehicle exhaust emissions from diesel engines.

With diesel engines thought to be responsible for roughly 47% of air pollution-related deaths worldwide, the estimates were higher (66%) in locations like Germany, France, India and Italy where a significant number of diesel vehicles still occupy the roads.

In their study, the team examined emissions data concerning both diesel and non-diesel trucks, cars, buses, shipping transportation and agricultural and construction machinery, focusing specifically on their impact on human health.

Their findings revealed that:

  • The global transport sector was reportedly responsible for an estimated 11% of the 3.4 million premature deaths each year linked to pollution from fine particles (PM2.5) as well as ground-level ozone exposure.
  • The global transport sector was responsible for an estimated $1 trillion healthcare price tag in 2015 due to transport pollution’s links to diabetes, stroke, lung disease and heart disease.
  • Some of the deadliest cities in the world, based on transport pollution alone, include Berlin; London; Milan; Turin, Italy; Kiev, Ukraine; and Stuttgart and Cologne, both in Germany.

"The high public health burden of diesel vehicles in Europe underscores the need for world-class emissions standards to be accompanied by robust compliance and enforcement," said ICCT coauthor Joshua Miller, who is calling for immediate action to eliminate high-emissions vehicles.

The researchers suggest that the transport pollution-related death figures are likely higher because the team did not account for other factors including every type of pollution-linked death or every harmful emission.

"Consideration of these impacts would likely increase the estimate of health impacts from vehicle exhaust emissions," they warned.

To contact the author of this article, email mdonlon@globalspec.com